Internal- goi



Nov. 8, 1927.

1,648,737 H. E. MCCRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. l5, 1923 Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,737

H. E. MCCRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE l .Zquanfjrg Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,737

H. E. MccRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed 1791055, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Nov. 8, 1927.

H. E. MCCRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. l5, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 .Tiri

Patented Nov. 8, 1927.

Unirse HAROLD E. MCORAY, OF VJATEISLL, COIVPANY. OF YVTEBI'ZGD,

GHOR TO JOHN DEERE TRACTOR .A CORPORATON OF OVJA.

INTERNAL- COMBUSTN ENGINE.

application filed February 15, 19.23.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines or the horizonte. tvpe such as are commonlyv used for operating 'tarm inachinery, and has for its object to improve the construction ot such engines in varions respects which will be hereina'l'ter specilically pointed ont in connection with the description ot the embodiment thereot .illustrated in the accompanying drawings, lfvlhat l relo gard as new is set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved engine, some parts being in section;

d Fig. 2 is a plan vview thereol:

Fig. 3 is a partial central lo ngitndinal vertical section of the engine on line SH3 ot Fig. 2 showing the inner portion ol'l the c vlinder, the piston, the crank case and 'luel tank, and some or" the operating parts contained within the crank case:

Fig. l is a partial side cle 'atiom the cover plate at that side ot the engine being removed to expose the governing devices by which the operation ot the exhausty valve and the ignition devices is controlled;

Fig. a vertical cross-section on line 5 5 of TEig. el;

Fig. t3 is a partial end view oi the lett hand end ot' the engine as shown in llig. 1;

Fig. T is a perspective view ot the rocking detent which ttorms a part ot the governing mechanism ltor controlling the operation ot the exhaust valve and the ignition devices;

ltig. S lis a horizontal cross-seetiim on line l--S ot Fig. tl;

llig. t) a trout elevation olI the mulller;

Fig. 1ct) is a partial vertical cros..seeti m on line lll-l0 ot Fig. l;

Fig. 1l is a partial cross-stmtional view 4.o showing the magneto mounting and the driving connections thereo't:

Fig. 12 .is a perspective view ot one ol" the upper crank shalt bearing blocks: and

Fig. 13 is a section on line 13 13 olf tl.

lily ,improved engine comprises a hollow base 13 in the torni ot a casting adapted to be bolted, or otherwise suitablyY secured to a supporting plate 1-l ot wood or other snitable material, and to contain within it a itucl tank 15, which, as best shown in Fig. 3, oecupies the greater portion ot the base 123. '.lhe fuel tank is in the torrn ot a pan or box of suitable dimensions to vlit into the base 123, and provided at its upper margins with an Serial No. 619,081.

shown in Fig. 1.

Ey this construction the cover plate 18 serves not only as the top ot the fuel tank but also as the bottoni ot the crank ease.

For the purpose et lilling the fuel tank, the crank ease 19 is provided at some convenient point, preferably at its outer end, with a passage 21 which leads to a lilling opening in the cover plate 18, as best shown in Fig. to be closed by a plug means. As shown the said passage 1s formed l. 'lhe passage 21 is adapted or other suitable in a boss 2l projecting 'from the lower portion ol the crank case, and the inner wall ot said crank Aase is extended diagonally downward, as shown at in `Eig. 23, so as to bear upon the cover plate 1S around the inner margin of the opening Q2 so that a tight lit around said opening is obtained.

Pret'- erably a gasket 2G is placed between the lower marginal sui-:tace ol the crank case and cover plate 18 to prevent leakage ot oil trom the crank ease.

Fuel is delivered ii'rom the vfuel tank thrtmgh a pipe 2T, connected with the inner end ol' said tank at the bottom thereo'l", and having at its outer end a plug 2S by the removal ot which the tank may be emptied when desired. Leading from the pipe the ball type` with which connects a suppl)7 pipe lo leading to the fuel inlet ot the engine cylinder. As shown in Fig. 3, the pipe QT and eheel-z-valve 2t) are both located within the base 13, the check-valve 2l) being preterabl)7 in the ilorm ot an elbow casting one end ot which extends through an opening 3l in the base so that the suppl)v pipe 30 may be convenientlj,Y connected therewith by a coupling 82.

is a cheek-valve 2S), preferably oit liv this construction the checkthe inse. Also, the arrangement of the luel ai. un

tank within the hase is advantageous not only because said tani: is Wevii protected, hut also because sp ee is eoonoinized.

The crank ease 19 constitutes also the nini enginefranie, sine-e east inte Vrai with it is The crank Case portion oi: the engine traine is proviiliod with a. reniovaiiiie cover Si which is heid in piace preirerahiy by hoits s sides thereoi near r crank Caso ond of the engine, and hy an merniediate boit S39 which entends diagonaiiy thro hess fi() in the. corel? pia; i 3'.' into a h( in the portion of rho engine traine u-'hiei vl! 10i uns tno inner wail oit the wner i n" o .fi o n in, i i i ano. o.

en the Cover opper removing; the C had convenio-n` the (brani: e.

. nosed,

:minding tr er. vfiirii v of said bearings in 19, the` iouv :io poioion 7.v The end portions mounted in suitahio the iovver 'be i ,ie/sed portions or in The upg'zor hearings 5 are diie Mortis which i't and :re heid in piano 1h idsoserve as parthe (trai k ease. iorhs host an '.pertion o if :it said hioizi-s are which Zit adaped t eosses reierred to, and co t the eran-.r (fase heid s` )oits ie ivaiis ii are hened and wiiioned hy lair-rai "hinges xnsions elio, as host shown in Figgp, so' i1-.igt wide hearing sur?" if are provided 'for the olif th!y hioo :(3 and thev are strongjiy supportera. ie hearings 'v are provided With the usai antidriorion ii 4Q Ur- F i and 41,-. Fiy eV cover 37 and blocks i6 the n eminently the wail erani: shaft may readily he removed as oceasion inev require.

rteierring non' to F ig. 8, 50 indicates the eisten which operates in the cylinderl 35, iiston heing Connected by a pitinan l i 1; portion 113 or the crank shaft, which, as Lest shown. in Fig. 2, is preferably provided with tivo njv-i ,eis 52, 523, one at each side or die engine. indicates a ning" neto which is mounted on the Crank ease at one side thereof het-:foon the crank shaft hopper, as best shown in Figs, l "und i2, and hoiow the position of the inaga ehainher 55, as hegt shown in Fig. 5 a i f* i cover plate 5G,

' certain itroiiing mocha- Lili whirh 1 irri rIhre cover plate. .7413 is roinov-.ihie so that :recess may be had to said e nndier, and it heid in piace by screws Si', as shown in Figs. l and 5.

rThe magneto 54 is driven Yfrom the Crank shaft /i by means or a train of gears inside the can r ease and subject to lubrication by" the splash system, comprising a pinion 5S mounted on the armature shaft 59 ot' the transverse shart 6l journaied in one of the iii he iereinaifer described.r

side Walls 19a of the Crank ease, as shown in F ig. 5, and a pinion G2 mounted on the Crank shaft 42, as shown in Fig. 3. serves to keep oil out of the magneto, and the siot in the cover 37 permits the cover to he removed Without disturbing` the magneto etting. To maire a tight- Ciosure at this point the Cover is provided with a separate removable piste Si and gasket 37b, as shown in Fig. l1.. y

As ii'idieatod in F ig. 3, the lower portion oi the crank ease serves as an oii reservoir, oi]` being suppiied thereto through a pipe 3, .host shown in Fig. fi 1d indicated hy doi.V 1 lines in Fig, This pipe is preterahiy in the torni of a hess pinjectingl from the lower portion -ot the crank at one side thereof, and is normally closed hy a plug Gli. nfhrough it the ievei of the oii in the Crank oase may he observed. Loo-ated Within the crank Case and senin-ed to the hot toni thereoic is a pan 65, shown in Figs. 3

and which has a hole or perforation 66 in` The collar 58l i lli:

weighted levers 70 pivoted at il to diverging arms T2 which project :troni the inner end ot' the shatt (59, the levers 70 being provided with inwardly-projecting arms 'T3 which proj ect toward the a x is ol' the shatt b9. Therefore, as the governor rotates the weighted portions ot the which extends axially through the shaft (it).

and is provided with a head T6 at its inner end which underlies the inner ends ol the arms T5, as best shown in Fig. l0. 'lhe spring T- is titted in a. recess in the inner end portion of the shal't U9, and the inner end ot said spring bears against an abutment Vtermed at the inner end oi said recess. By this construction the spring Tll tends te hold the governor in its normal position but yields to permit the governor levers to swing out under centrifugal action. The governor is so arranged with reiferenee to the pan (55 that when it is rotated by the operation o1c the engine its arms TO dip into the oil in Said pan and consequently act to distribute it throughout the crank case, thereby lubrieating the parts therein. rl`he oil in the pan 65 is supplied thereto from the crank case by the hole 6G, which arrangement provides a simple and accurate means for Controlling the amount ot' oil thrown by the governor which is limited to the amount that will pass through the hole The pan serves to keep out sediment which may accumulate in the bottom of the crank case, and the sides ol" the pan also serve as detlectors to directthe oil throughout the interior of the crank case. The dc'tlector (ST is provided to prevent. an excessive :unount oi oil 'lrom heilig thrown against the piston and into the Cylin der, and in addition lo this delict-tor l preter also to provide a. shield To in the i'orm ol a. plate which extends transversely of the crank case adjacent to the inner end ot the cvlifnler 35 and between it and the pan 65, as shown in Fig. El. riaid shield is secured at its upper margin to a Vliange 'T7 projecting downwardly trom the cover plate 3T, and itis provided with a vertical slot wide enough tor the passage ot the pitnian 5l.

The outer end portions ot the engine cyl inilr-r IE5 and the water hopper 3l are shown in lfies. G and S. troni an inspection ot which it will he seen that Said cylinder is provided with a head TS secured thereto by bolts TS). in which head are mounted an inlet valve SO and an exhaust valve Sl.. 'l'hese valves are provided. respectively, with valve stems S2, 83 titted in suitable bearings in the cylinder head and provided with springs Sal. S5 which serve to seat the valves 80, Sl by moving the valve stems 82, 83 longitudinally of the cylinder in an outward direction. lYithin the head T8 is an ignition chamber SG and an exhaust chamber ST, as best shown in F ig. S. The exhaust chamber 8T discharges through av mulller 8S in the 'forni ot' a pipe tlared at its outer end portion and provided with a screen 8l) which extends across its larger diameter. ',lhe .muliler 88 is a casting and the screen Si) ,is east integral with it. The purpose ot said screen is totniullle the sound, as well as to keep gas and llame from shooting out ol the mulller, and it desired a plurality ol said screens may be employed. 'l`he cylinder 2:35 is supplied with hydro-carbon liquid luci 'trom the uel tank 1S through the pipe 3l), said pipe connecting` with an intake nozzle 90 which is integral with the cylinder head T8, as best shown in Figs. l and (S. As therein shown7 said nozzle extends downward from the port of the intake valve 8O and has an opening 91 at its lower end which may be wholly or partially closed by means et a swinging lid 92 pivoted to the nozzle at 93, as shown in Fig. l. This opening is lor the admission or air to the nozzle ill), which serves also as a. mixing chamber for preparing the proper mixture oi luel and air bei'ore its admission to the cylinder. The luel pipe 30 connects with the nozzle 9b at one side thereolE adjacent to the opening 91, and it is provided with a valve seatA at .its discharge end adapted to cooperate with a needle valve 94 by which the quantity of Yfuel admitted to the nozzle mav be regulated. lt will be apparent from the foregoing dcscription that the fuel is discharged into the nozzle 90 at right angles to the direction o'll its movement through said nozzle to the cylinder, which is an ailv antageous leature as by this means sullicicnt restriction is provided to make the cngine operate el'lectively by suction to raise Llfuel l'l'om the lank which is al. a lower level than the c vlimler. liv adjusting the air coni trol plate [l2 and needle valve 1M the mixture may bc nicely regulated so as lo :secure thc most clliricnt operation ol the engine.

rthe intake valve Si) is opened by the suction of the piston, but mechanism must he provided lor oiiening the exhaust valve Si to purge the cylinder ot consumed gases beilore the admission otl a tresh charge'ot' fuel. This is accomplished by means of a rocking lever 95 mounted iuterinediutely on a pivot Je in such position that one arm 95 thereo'l extends over the exhaust valve stein S3. This arm carries a tappet 9T in the lorm ol a holt :uljustablyY secured in .said arm so that its normalv distance. trom the outer end oli thc valve stem S3 may be adjusted. Obviously by rocking` the lever 95 in the appropriate direction the tappct 9T will strike thc valve .stem SIS and move it inwardly thereby opening the exhaust vulve. lllhen the pressure lll?) lllll is provided with a Yiii f.. l.

ienmon devices which are o t the ineke and oit the tappet is removed the spring; ser-ves to restore the iihaust valve to its iiorinal position in the usual way. fr' spring 98 coiinected with the lever and with a standard 99 which the lover 05 in the position shown .in Fig. 8, whichiis its noriiial inoperative position. rElie `opiiosite arin 95" oit the lever 05 is eoiinected with one end o1' a horizontally disposed operating rod 100 hy the reciprocation o1 which said lever isroclted to alternately open and close they exhaust valve the engine operates, the opposite end ot said rod hefngij supported by a suitable bearing on the engiiietraine, in which it arranged to slide. '1`his i'eciproexiliion ot the rod 100 isel'l'ected by iiieziiis olf a cani. 101 carried hy the slia'lit el, as showniii Figs. el and 10. rthe edge the cani 101 is iii line with the axis of the rod 100, and Vbetween the operating, lace oit the cani and said rod is a tollower lever 102 pivoted atlts lower end on a pivot 103, and having no coniiection with said rod, which is supported indepeinlently thereoi", as shown in F 1, d and 5. By this rc(instruction the direct thrust o1 the cani is traiisinittedto the rod 100 through saidk followerV lever so that there is no side thrust on said rod, r1`he follower lever 102 laterallyqiroiecting lug 10dad'jacent to the end ol the rod 100 ifor a purpose which will be liereiiiailter set forth. f

leterring'now to Fig. 1, 105 indicates a bracket which is adjustahly inounted on the rod 100, preferably by being clamped thereto by a bolt 106. Said bracket carries a trip bai' 10T', which at one end is connected with said bracket by a pivot 10S and adjacent to its pivotis` provid-ed with a spring 100 which tends to nieve ther iti-ee end ot' the said bar upwardly, or in other words to rotate itl in a eloclnvise direction as viewed Theti'ip har 107 actuales the break ne andfthe wa" in which this is lione will now be described. .lieterriiig to Eig. tl, indicates a stationary electrode which exi'enl'ls throuo'h a oasszwe 111 in a hracl'et 11linto the ignition chamber 813,

said statioiiz'iiy electrode being held :troni yelectrical Contact with said bracket and the passageclosed by gaskets 113 ot any suitable non-conductingl niaterial iitting into the opposite ends thereof. At its inner end the electrode carries a Contact point 114. 1n close proximity to the electrode 110 is a rotatable electrode 115 which also entends through a passage in the biaeli'et- 112 into the ignition chamber 86 wher-e it is provided with a laterally-projecting ai'in 116 which carries a contact point 115l adapted to ennog@ Ol' disengage the Contactl point 111 by rotationot the electrode 115. As shown in Fig. 8, the bracket 112 provides a coinparacarries trie pivot 90 serves to hold` purpose of this arrangement is to prevent:

the accumulation ot carbon in thev short inner bearing by maintaining that port-ion of,E the electrode and the bearingv at a high teinperature incident to the operation of the enfiiie leaviiio' it to collect in the lareer outi D c D side space where it will do no harnii. The outer end of the `electrode 115 projects through and is carried in an outer 'bearing in an arin 112,, which forms a part of bracket 112. with said inner bearing in bracket 112.`

llixedly secured to the electrode 115 near arranged to be percussively actuated `by a clutch ineinber 119 which projects laterally iti'oiii ahainnier bloolt 120 rotatably inounted upon thel electrode v115 between its outer hearing 112il and the clutch ineniber 118. Ontheouter end Vot the electrode 115, which projects beyond the outer bearing arin 112, isl a spring` 122` one end ot which is connected with said arin, and the otlierwitli the electrode 115, which spring inay be arranged to rotate said electrode in either a clockwise or in a coiintersclockwise `direction as viewed in` Figs. 1 and 13,1:0 that` ity inay operate either to normally hold the contact point 115a inengageinent with the contact point 1111L ier magneto ignition, as shown in Fig.

13, or, by reversing` its outer end, it inay also ber 115il is provided with a notch 118'l adapt-` i ed to receive said luy,` so as to etectclutching engagement between said clutch ineinbers. The notch 11S is, however, long enough to pei-init considerable lost niotion between said ineinbers, as illustrated in Fig.`

3., r1`lie norinal position Ot these parts is shown in the latter ligure, from an inspeetion of which it will be seen that when the Contact 115L is in engagement with the contact 111 the clutch ineinber 119 inay rock to a considerable extent' in a clockwise direction as viewed in said i'igur-e, independently of the clutch ineinbei' 118, the object 01:' which is to perinit the haii'iiner kbloel 120, which is lintegral with the clutch ineinher 119, to

swing through a liinited are in one direction This outer bearing is axially alined the inner hearingsy is a clutch `nieinber 118 One ot' the clutchv lll) without rotating the electrode 115. A spring 12S coiled upon the clutch ineinoer 119 andi having one ot its ends connected with said clutch member and the other with thc clutch member 118. tends to hold the members of the clutch in the position shown in Fig. 13.

As shown in Fig. 1. the hammer blocl: 120 extends diagonally downward trom the electrode 115 and is provided at its lower margin with two tlat or plane surfaces 121-125 disposed at an angle to each other and having a v7-shaped notch 12S between them, which notch adapted to be engaged by the tree end ot the trip bar 10T. Adjacent to the notch 126 the hammer block 120 is provided with a plane surface 12T against which the upper surface ot the trip bar 10T rests when it is in position to engage the notch 1.26. Bearing in mind the foregoing description oi these parts, it will be manifest that when the parts are iu the position shown in Fig. 1, at which time the contact points will he in the position shown in Fig. 13, and the exhaust valve will be in its closed position. itt the rod 100 be moved to the, lett as viewed in Fig. 1. the trip bar 10T. by reason ot its engagement with the notch 126. will act to Swing the hammer block 120 about the eieotrede 115 in a clockwise direction. therebyv increasing the tension ot the spring n this operation the lug 119L moves to the opposite end oft the notch 11S in clutch member 11S. which remains stationary with contact 115n in engagement with contact 11st. As this movement of the hammer block continues the plane surface 125 ot said hammer block will swing into engagement with the upper surface otl the trip bar T. moving the tree end ot said bar downward against the action ot the spring 109 so that its tree end will clear the point ot the notch 12C, thereby pern'iitting` the rod 1,09 and trip bar 10T to continue to movein the same direction without further rotation ot the hammer blocl; 120. As soon, however, as the trip bar 10T is clear ot the notch 126 the spring 12S will act to rotate the hammer block with its clutch member 119 quicldy and forcibly in the opposite direction. rlhis reverse rotation ot the hammer block will cause the lug 119@ ot its clutch member 119 to travel back in the notch 118"L and act percussively in a circular direction upon the clutch member 118. against the tension ot' the spring 122, which it overcomes by its inertia. thereby rotating the electrode 115 in a couatar-clockwise direction as seen rin Fig. 13 so as to carry its contact point 115a away from the contact point 114` ot the tixed eleetrede 110. thus making a spark in the ignition or combustion chamber 86. Immediately a'tter this takes place the electrode 115 will be reversely rotated and restored to its initial or normal position bv the spring 122. which, as has been explained, tends to hold the contact 1 15a in engagement with contact 114i. Bv this construction the Contact points are ettectively and very abruptly separated by the hammerlike blow delivered by the hammer block 120 through the clutch member 119 to the clutch member 11S, which tunctions as a sort ot' anvil to take. such blow and transmit it through the rotary electrode to the movable contact point carried thereby.

While the tiring operation just described is occurring the operating rod 100 continues to move to the lelt as viewed in Fig. 1, and es its movement actuates the exhaust valve operating lever so that it is rocked in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2, it will at the proper time actuate the exhaust valve to move it oil its seat, thereby permitting the. burnt gases in the cylinder to be discharged therefrom. These operations are, ot course, properly timed so that the exhaust valve does not open until alter the ignited charge has done its work. Continued rotation oit the cam 101 obviously permits the parts 'to assume their normal position. the bar being moved to the right :is viewed in Fig. 1 under the action ot the spring 9S.

lin engines ot this type it is desirable to shut oli the spar-l; and hold the exhaust valve open while the ily-wheel continues to rotate above a critical speed, in order to economize tuel. 1n other words, sometimes the ilywheel can make quite a number ot revolutions between explosions without dropping below its critical speed. and in such circumstances it is desirable to shut olil the spark aud hold the exhaust valve open so that fuel will not be consumed except as needed, and in my improved engine this is accomplished by the action ot the governor TO operating through a detent lever 129 the construction ot which is best shown in Fig. 7. This detent lever in the form of ar yolic having an intermediate portion 129n and angularlydisposed arms 129", 12. C at its opposite ends.

rl`his volte is mounted in a vertical positionV on a shatt 1330, the ends ot which are secured in the top plate 131 and bottom plate 132 of the chamber 55, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 10. The detent lever' is, therefore, adapted to rock about a vertical axis, or an axis disposed transversely relatively to the axis ot the follower 102. Near its upper end it is provided with a laterally-tuoiecting dog 1313 which is adapted to swing in behind the lug 1(11- carried by the 'follower lever 192. The relation ot these parts when the dog 133 is not in its operative position is best shown in Figs. ft and a nd 'from the illustration ol those ligures it will be apparentY that by rocking the detent lever 129 in the appropriate direction it may be carried back ot' the lug lO-t so that it will operate to held the operating rod 100 iu its extreme position to the left as viewed in Fig. 1. `When the rod 100 is in this position it will not be affected by the rotation ot the cam 101, and consequently the exhaust valve ivillbeheld open and the ignition apparatus ivillnotbe operated. The detent lever .129 is operated to accomplish this result by means ot the governor 70 through the pin 75, `the outer end o'ii which adapted to coact With an arm 133l carried by said detent levcr near the loiver end tlicreoias shown in Figs. 7 and 10, the arrangement being such thativhen the Weighted levers oit the governor swing,` outward, and Consequently move the pin 75 to the leftl as viewed in Fig. 1U, this movement of said pin will thrust out- Ward on 'the arm 133, thereby rocking the dotent lever 129 to move its dog' into operative lengagement Wit-h the lug 1.04. of

.the 'lollower lever 102, as. above described.

When the speed oiA thel engine drops the pressureot' the governor levers on the pin T5 is I lessened so that said pin moves in the oppolever 129 andthe other end ot which is connected to an adjusting screiv 135 mounted in one of the valls of the chamber and provided with an adjusting nut 13./ by Which the tension of the spring' 1311: may be regulated. As shown in Fig. 7, the detent lever 129 is Amade in onepiece and. is preferably oit sheet steel pressed to shape and having its Varm 133 tempered. so that it Will be capable 'ot'vfithstanding severe usage. By supportinn' said lever at its ends on the shaft 130, Widely separated bearings are provided ttor it so that it is supported against twisting strains, Aand kcannot yeasily get out ot its proper position. lever and its associated parts in the chamber 55, which, as best shown in 5 and 10, communicates with the crank ease through i suitable openings, the operating parts in said chamber are lubricated by the oil distributed in the crank case.

the construction described the `governor operates not only to lreep the engine from attaining` too high speed, but also regulates the ignition apparatus and the :uel supply so that the engine may be maintained in operation at a coniparatively uniform speed without Waste o'lE fuel. Electric current is supplied to the `lixed electrode 110 by a cable 138, one end ot' which is connected with the magneto and the other end withv a connector 139 secured to said electrode. The other terminal ot the magneto is grounded in any convenient Way tothe frame or the engine. y mounting the magneto outside ofthe crank case, as described, it is readily accessible andV may be easily removed or replaced. The advantage oit mounting the crank case on a separable base, as shoivn and described, is that the base can easily be removed and changed l'or one ol a diliierent size, as might be necessary il' it were desired to use a iiy Wheel o'i larger diameter than usual. ly my improved construction, a cranlr case oil' standard .size can be used with bases of dii'lferent heights.

llilhat i claim as my invent-ion and desire to secure byvLettei-s Patent, is

1. lin an internal combustion engine, the

combination with a cylinder and piston, and an exhaust valve, o't` a reciprocating` rod for actuating said valve, a rotating cam driven by said piston iior moving; said rod in one di rection, a follower pivotally supported at one end on a iixed pivot and having its other end extending,betiveensaid rod and said cam, a speed regulating governor driven by said piston, and means controlled thereby and acting on said follower for holding' said. valve open during' theinterval that the engine speed exceeds a predetermined maxi* mum.

2. ln an internal combustion engine, the combination with an engine frame, acylinder and piston, and an exhaust valve, of a rocking lever for opening said valve, a horizontally disposed reciprocating rod for actnating said lever, a rotating Cam driven vby said piston for moving said rod in one direction, and a follower pivotally supported at one end on a tilted pivot and having its other end extendingbetween said rod `and said cam, With said rod and said cam having operative bearing against opposite sides of said iollover, said rod being supported entirely independently ot said follower.

0. in an internal combustion engine, the 4conibination With a cylinder and piston, and an exhaust valve, ol a rocking `lever for open- By mounting said detent 'ing said valve, a reciprocatingrod :for actuatingsaid lever, a rotating,` cam driven by said piston tor moving` said rod in one di rection, a pivotally ymounted :follower interposed betiveen said cam and the adjacent end of said rod, a laterally projecting lug` carried by said follower, anda governor .controlled rocking` detent :lever having its axis disposed traiisversely relatively 'to the axis oi the follower, and adapted to cooperate with said lng to hold the -reciprocating rod in position with the exhaust valve open.

4i. In an internal combustion engine, Ithe combination with a cylinder and piston, ignition devices for causing,` a spari; in said cylinder, and an exhaust valve, of a rocking lever for opening said valve, a horizontally disposed reciprocating rod ttor actuating` said lever and said ignition devices, a rotating,` cam driven by said piston for moving `said rod in one direction, and a vertically disposed vliat follower pivotally mounted at one en'd and interposed between saidcam and the adjacent end ot said rod.

5. ln an internal combustion engine, `the combination with `an engine trame, a cylinitil der and piston, ignition devices for causing a spark in said cylinder', and an exhaust valve, of a rocking lever for opening said' valve, a reciprocating rod for actuating Said lever and said ignition devices, a rotating cam 'driven b y said piston tor movingsaid rod in one direction, and a vertically disposed follower pivotally i'nounted at one end and interposed between said cam and the adjacent end et' said rod, said rod being supported entirely independently et said follower.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and piston, ignition devices for causing aspark in said cylinder, and an exhaust valve, ot a rocking lever for opening said valve, a reciprocating rod tor actuating said lever and said ignition devices, a rotating cam driven by said piston Yfor moving said rod in one direction, a pivotally mounted follower interposed between said cam and the-adjacent end ot said rod, a laterally projecting lug carried by said follower, and a governor controlled rocking detent lever having its axis disposed transversely relatively to the axis of said Jfollower, and adapted to cooperate with said lug to hold the reciprocating rod in position with the exhaust valve open.

7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with an engine frame comprising a crank case, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, ignition devices for causing a spark in said cylinder, and an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, ot a chamber at one side of said trame, and outside ot said crank case, a reciprocating rod actuated by the operation ot' the piston for opening said exhaust valve at intervals and for actuating said ignition apparatus, one end oi? said rod extending into said chaniber, a rocking detent mounted in said chamber and movable into position to hold said rod in its valveopening position, and a governor in said c `ank case tor controlling the 'operation of said detent.

S. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with an engine trame, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, ignition devices tor causing a spark in said cylinder, and an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, ot a chamber at one side ot said frame. a reciprocatingrod actuated by the operation o't` the piston ttor opening said exhaust valve at intervals and for actuating said ignition apparatus, one end ot said rod extending' into said chamber, a rocking detent mounted in said chamber and movable into position to hold said rod in its valveopening position, a governor itor moving said detent to its operative position. and a spring for returning said detent to its normal position.

9. In an internal combustion engine. the combination with a crank case, a crank shaft supported thereby, and a chamber outside of said crank ase and communicating therewith, ot a cylinder, a piston connected with said crank shatt, an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod tor opening said exhaust valvel` said rod extending into said chamber, means in said chamber to f actuating said rod, and a governor in said crank case tor controlling the operation ot said actuating means.

l0. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank case, a crank shaft supported thereby, and a chamber outside ol said crank case and communicating therewith. ot a cylinder, a piston connected with said crank shaft, an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod tor opening' said exhaust valve, said rod extending into said chamberv` means in said chamber 'for actuating said rod, a detent lever mounted in said chamber and adapted to opcrate to hold said rod in position to hold the valve open, and meansI in said crank case 'tor controllingl the operation ot said detent lever.

ll. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank case, a crank shatt supported thereby, and a chamber at one side et said crank case and con'nnunicating therewith, ol a cylinder, a piston connected with said crank shaft, an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod for opening said exhaust valve, said rod extending into said chamber, means in said chamber Vt'or actuatingl said rod, a detent lever mounted in said chamber and adapted to operate to hold said rod in position to held the valve open, and means in said crank case for supplying oil therefrom to said chamber.

12. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with aerank case, a crank shaft supported thereby, and a chamber at one side ot said crank case and communicating therewith, of a cylinder, a piston connected with said crank shaft, an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod 'for opening said exhaust valve, said rod extending into said chamber, means in said chamber t'or actuating said rod, a detent lever mounted in said chamber and adapted to operate to hold said rod in position to hold the valve open, and a governor operating in said crank case to distribute oil therein and adapted to control the operation of said dctent lever.

13. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank case, a crank shaft supported thereby, oit a chamber outside of said crank case and connnunieating therewith, a cylinder, a piston connected 'with said crank shaft, an exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod for opening said exhaust valve, said rod extending into said chamber, means in said chamber for actuating said rod` and a governor in said crank case :tor controlling the operation lift) ol said actuating means, said Igovernor also elleeting a distribution n oiE oil Within said. crank case and into said chamber.

lllln an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank ease, a crank shaiit supported thereby, a cylinder, and a piston connected with said crank shaftl and operating in said cylinder` et an exhaust valve as- SOCiatedWith said cylinder, an actuating rod for opening' said exhaust valve, means outside oit the crank case and driven troni the crank shaft, iter actuating said rod, and means in said crank case for controlling' the operation et they actuating ineans lier said rod, said latter means also effecting' a distribution el" lubricant Withinv said crank case.

l5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination With a crank case,'a crank shatt supported thereby, a cylinder, and a piston connected with said crank sha'it and operating in said cylinder, of an exhaustvalve as sociated with said cylinder, an actuating red for opening' said exhaust valve, ineens outside of the crank ease and driven troni the crank shaft, for actuating' said rod1 a detent lever inounted outside of the crank case and adapted to operate to hold said rod in position to hold said valve open, and means in said crank case for controlling' the operation of' said detent lever, said latter means also eliecting a distribution of lubricant Within said crank case.

16. In an internal coniliiustion engine, the combination with a crank case, a cranlr shalt supported thereby, and a chainber at one side ott said eranlr case and communicating therewith, of a cylinder, ignition devices for causing` asparlt in said cylinder, a piston eonnected with said crank shaft, au exhaust valve associated with said cylinder, an actuating rod for opening said exhaust valve and actuating said ignition devices, said rod eX tending into said chamber, ineans in said chainber for actuating' said rod` a detent lever mounted in said chamber and adapted to Lesers" operate to hold said rod in xposition to hold the valve open, and nic-aus in said cranl case Y for supplying' oil t ieretroni to said chamber.

17. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank ease, a crank shaft supported thereby, and a chamber at one side or" said erauh case and communicating therewith, of cylinder, ignition devices :tor causing' a spark in said cylinder', a 'piston connected with said crank shait an exhaust valve elated with said cj/Jlindei' an aetuating' rod iter opening said exhaust valve and actuating said .ignition devices, sain rod e21- tending into said chamber, ineans in said chamber `for actuating said rod, a detent lever inoui'ited in said chamber and adapted to operate to hold said rod in position to hold the valve open, and a governor operating' in said cre-.ult ease to distribute oil there in and adapted to control the operation of said detent lever. .l

18. detent lever Jter the purpose described, comprising' a single piecee't steel having' its ends bent over to iiorin arms for pivotally supporting said lever, a laterallypiiojccting' dog at one side thereof, a laterally-projecting arni at the opposite side thereof by ineans of which said. detent l lever inay be rocked in one direction. rind a third arin adapted to be connected u th spring by ineans ot Which said detent lever may be rocked in the opposite direction.

19. A detent leve-i' for the purpose described, comprising a single "piece et' steel having' ang'ularly disposed arins at its ends ior pivotallg;7 supporting' said lever, a lateri ally projecting' dog' `at one side thereof adapted toreng'ageinent with a valve cam follower, and an arin iiirojecting' laterally from the opposite side thereof adapted to contact` With a governor operated push rod, the rod contacting tace o'f said latter arm being disposed radially With respect to the pivotfal airis of said detent lever.

HAROLD E. MCCRAY. 

